Preparing for Europe’s Defence & Security Transformation

Across Europe, defence and security policy is shifting from incremental reform to structural change. The UK Strategic Defence Review 2025 (SDR), France’s National Strategic Review 2025 (NSE) and Germany’s National Security Strategy (NSS) set out ambitious agendas that go beyond the armed forces. They reshape expectations of industry, the role of financiers and private capital and the rapid acceleration of technologies.

What unites these three strategies is a shared recognition that Europe must take primary responsibility for its own security and act quickly to provide strategic coherence and capacity across five central themes.